Niger's military-run government has passed a new penal code that criminalises same-sex relations, introducing prison sentences of five to 10 years and fines for individuals found engaging in or attempting what the law describes as "indecency or unnatural acts" or LGBTQ practices. The law also imposes 10 to 20 years in prison for anyone entering into a same-sex marriage. Although same-sex relations were not previously criminalised in the Muslim-majority nation, they remained socially stigmatised. The penal code reform was initially proposed under former civilian president Mohamed Bazoum, following pressure from Muslim groups and lawmakers, but has now been enacted by the current military leadership. The new provisions came into force in February, though widespread attention only emerged recently after reports on social media and in local media outlets described a "large-scale crackdown." Justice Minister Alio Daouda defended the legislation, stating that Niger acted "in full responsibility and sovereignty" because same-sex relations do not align with the country's social and cultural values. The government led by junta leader General Abdourahamane Tiani, which took power in 2023, has consistently promoted an anti-Western stance, criticising Western values and governance models. The penal code reform follows a broader trend among some West African nations enacting stricter laws targeting LGBTQ communities.
The military government criminalised same-sex relations with penalties of up to 20 years in prison, months after taking power in a coup that ousted a civilian administration already under pressure from conservative groups. The law was first proposed under former President Mohamed Bazoum but was enacted only after the junta consolidated control, suggesting the new leadership is using moral legislation to assert authority. By framing the law as an act of sovereignty against Western values, the regime is consolidating domestic support while distancing itself from international allies. The recent media reports of a crackdown indicate the law is now being enforced, not merely symbolic.
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