As the Russian invasion clocks four years on February 24, 2026, the total cost of Ukraine’s reconstruction and recovery is now estimated at $588 billion over the next decade. The figure is contained in an updated joint Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA5) released Monday by the Government of Ukraine, the World Bank Group, the European Commission, and the United Nations. The update, covering February 2022 to December 2025, finds that housing, transport, and energy sectors are most affected, while damage, losses, and demands remain intense in frontline oblasts and major metropolitan areas. Reconstruction and recovery needs are the highest in the transport sector (over $96 billion). Other sectors: Energy ($91 billion), Housing ($90 billion), Commerce and Industry (over $63 billion), a...